The U.S. Army established Fort Churchill in July 1860 to protect wagon roads and settlers in the region following the bloody battles that year of the Pyramid Lake War between local miners and settlers, and the Northern Paiutes and their allies. The fort, which occupied 1,384 acres on the north bank of the Carson River, remained active for nine years and was then abandoned. Today this National Historic Landmark is maintained in a state of arrested decay by the Nevada Division of State Parks. Nearby Buckland Station is a Pony Express stop, supply center, and former hotel built in 1870, in part using materials salvaged from the shuttered Fort Churchill.

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